Certification for IRB Professionals (CIP) Practice Exam

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What primary ethical principle guides IRB reviews?

Respect for persons
Ensuring scientific advancement
Financial equity in research
Public interest in research

The correct answer is: Respect for persons

The primary ethical principle guiding Institutional Review Board (IRB) reviews is respect for persons. This principle entails acknowledging the autonomy of individuals and the necessity to protect those who may have diminished autonomy, such as vulnerable populations. In practice, this means that researchers must obtain informed consent from participants, ensuring that they have a clear understanding of the research and any associated risks. This principle is foundational in safeguarding the rights and welfare of research participants, which is a core responsibility of the IRB. While other options such as ensuring scientific advancement, financial equity in research, and public interest in research can be important considerations in the broader context of research ethics, they do not take precedence over the principle of respect for persons. They may influence the IRB's decision-making but are secondary to the imperative of protecting individuals involved in research, making this principle paramount in the ethical review process.