Certification for IRB Professionals (CIP) Practice Exam

What does the term deferential vulnerability refer to?

1. Individuals who are informally subordinate to authority figures

2. People who have equal power in decision-making scenarios

3. Individuals with advanced training in research

4. Subjects who are well-educated about their rights

The correct answer is: Individuals who are informally subordinate to authority figures

The term deferential vulnerability refers to individuals who are informally subordinate to authority figures. This concept is particularly relevant in research ethics, where certain groups may feel pressured to conform to the wishes or expectations of those in power, such as researchers or institutional representatives. This dynamic can lead to ethical concerns, particularly when informed consent is involved, as these individuals might struggle to assert their autonomy due to their perceived or actual subordination. In contrast, other choices such as people with equal power in decision-making scenarios, those with advanced training in research, or subjects who are well-educated about their rights do not align with the definition. Individuals with equal power would not exhibit the vulnerability associated with deference to authority, while those with advanced training or knowledge of their rights are generally seen as having more agency and capacity to protect their interests in the research setting. Thus, the correct understanding of deferential vulnerability emphasizes the challenges and ethical considerations faced by those who occupy subordinate roles within hierarchical dynamics.